Marilyn Price-Mitchell Ph.D.The Moment of Youth
Showing posts with label 10th Class English Notes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 10th Class English Notes. Show all posts
10th Class English Notes Chap 17 (King Bruce and the Spider)
CHAPTER – 17
Central Idea
Reference
this poem is written by Eliza cook (1818-1889). Born in London, she was the youngest of seven children. She was entirely self-educated and wrote verses from the age of fourteen. Her first volume being published at seventeen. In 1849, she edited and published, “Eliza Cooks Journal.” Her work is simple and highly moral. In this poem, she teaches the reader what she always practiced in her own life to keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
Theme
“Where there is a will, there is a way.”
or
“The world is his who her patients and industry.”
Central Idea
The central idea of this poem is that we should cultivate a strong will – power and a hopeful attitude to life, be bold through thick and thin, counting no labour loss and our heart within than. Almighty creator will surely help us if we adopt such a coarse. As it is also said, “The world is his who has patience and industry.”
Summary
The poetess has expressed the true sense of life in this poem. Solution to the problems of life and key to the success are being preached in this poem in a dramatic style.
This poem tells the story of the king Bruce of Scotland. Once he was defeated by the English men. He took refuge in a cave. Due to his repeated failures, he was very grieve. King Bruce mentally accepted his defeat from the English men.
One day, he was pondering at the point of his defeat, he watched a spider who was try8ng to reach to her cobweb. Thread was the only pathway for the spider to reach her destination. Spider started her voyage with great anxiety and force. But the spider come down to the initial stage where it had started her journey. King Bruce was showing issurity on the foolish attempts to reach the destination that spider will not try again.
However the spider succeeded in the 10th attempt to reach its cobweb. Afte the success to spider the King Bruce sounded in a optimistic order. “All honour to those who tries persistently.” King Bruce resoluted in heart to try once more in order to get the win over on his enemies.” At last he succeeded.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What lesson did the King learn from the spider?
Ans. The persistent tries of spider gave a positive spin to the thoughts of King Bruce and taught him that we are to be persistent and bold to achieve our aim of life. Continuous struggle to the main aim always produces a favourable result. We should try hard without caring for the resistance and circumstances of life.
Q.2. What do you know about King Bruce of Scotland?
Ans. King Bruce of Scotland was a very generous and patriotic Emperor. Once he fight with the British Army who wants to make a British colony in Scotland, but he was defeated. As he wanted to defeat his enemy, that’s why he made several attempts to get back his domain but he failed.
Q.3 What do you know about King Bruce of Scotland?
Ans. Eliza cook (1818-1889) was born in London. In 1849 she edited and published “Eliza cook’s Journal.” Her work is simple and highly moral and she teaches the readers what she always practiced in her life; to keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
Q.4 What is meant by poetess when she says that “a great deed”?
Ans. The poetess has used the words “a great hard” for the King Bruce. He had been trying hard to protect his domain from the contaminated hands of enemy. As the protection of country keeps a very high rank among the man’s priorities of life, that’s why the poetess called it “a great deed”.
Q.5 What resemblance, does the poetess find between the King Bruce and the Spider?
Ans. The points of similarity between the King Bruce and the spider were that the aim was quite far away from both of them. Both of them were having a very slightest hope to achieve success i.e. the spider had a single thread to reach the cobweb and the King Bruce also had a very tiny hope to win over his enemies.
Q.6 Why did the King Bruce or poetess call the spider “Brave”.
Ans. The poetess call the spider brave because it was very persistent and tried hard to complete her task. Although she suffered several failures, but she did not show any grieverence on the disportual of its fate. It went on making attempt and at last its persistent tries put it into the cobweb.
Idioms
1. To put into practice: to carry out in deeds.
Example: The soldiers put into practice the training they got in military school.
Sentence: We should put into practice the spirit of patriotism for our country.
2. A wild goose chose: An enterprise which will not succeed.
Example: The old man ran after the boy but a wild goose chase him.
Sentence: The coast guards ran after the criminals in their boats on a wild goose chase.
3. To end in smoke: To have no result, to come to nothing.
Example: Unless you preserve, your work will end in smoke.
Sentence: The soldiers struggled hard to destroy the foe’s base but it ended in smoke.
4. At a lost: Puzzled, not knowing what to do.
Example: I misplaced the book and I was at a loss: how to manage it.
Sentence: Someone stole by Physics book and I was at a loss ho to prepare for the Physics test.
5. With flying colours: To emerge successfully from some difficult task.
Example: Our team returned from the match with flying colours.
Sentence: Pakistan succeeded in the 1965 war with flying colours.
Central Idea
Reference
this poem is written by Eliza cook (1818-1889). Born in London, she was the youngest of seven children. She was entirely self-educated and wrote verses from the age of fourteen. Her first volume being published at seventeen. In 1849, she edited and published, “Eliza Cooks Journal.” Her work is simple and highly moral. In this poem, she teaches the reader what she always practiced in her own life to keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
Theme
“Where there is a will, there is a way.”
or
“The world is his who her patients and industry.”
Central Idea
The central idea of this poem is that we should cultivate a strong will – power and a hopeful attitude to life, be bold through thick and thin, counting no labour loss and our heart within than. Almighty creator will surely help us if we adopt such a coarse. As it is also said, “The world is his who has patience and industry.”
Summary
The poetess has expressed the true sense of life in this poem. Solution to the problems of life and key to the success are being preached in this poem in a dramatic style.
This poem tells the story of the king Bruce of Scotland. Once he was defeated by the English men. He took refuge in a cave. Due to his repeated failures, he was very grieve. King Bruce mentally accepted his defeat from the English men.
One day, he was pondering at the point of his defeat, he watched a spider who was try8ng to reach to her cobweb. Thread was the only pathway for the spider to reach her destination. Spider started her voyage with great anxiety and force. But the spider come down to the initial stage where it had started her journey. King Bruce was showing issurity on the foolish attempts to reach the destination that spider will not try again.
However the spider succeeded in the 10th attempt to reach its cobweb. Afte the success to spider the King Bruce sounded in a optimistic order. “All honour to those who tries persistently.” King Bruce resoluted in heart to try once more in order to get the win over on his enemies.” At last he succeeded.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What lesson did the King learn from the spider?
Ans. The persistent tries of spider gave a positive spin to the thoughts of King Bruce and taught him that we are to be persistent and bold to achieve our aim of life. Continuous struggle to the main aim always produces a favourable result. We should try hard without caring for the resistance and circumstances of life.
Q.2. What do you know about King Bruce of Scotland?
Ans. King Bruce of Scotland was a very generous and patriotic Emperor. Once he fight with the British Army who wants to make a British colony in Scotland, but he was defeated. As he wanted to defeat his enemy, that’s why he made several attempts to get back his domain but he failed.
Q.3 What do you know about King Bruce of Scotland?
Ans. Eliza cook (1818-1889) was born in London. In 1849 she edited and published “Eliza cook’s Journal.” Her work is simple and highly moral and she teaches the readers what she always practiced in her life; to keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
Q.4 What is meant by poetess when she says that “a great deed”?
Ans. The poetess has used the words “a great hard” for the King Bruce. He had been trying hard to protect his domain from the contaminated hands of enemy. As the protection of country keeps a very high rank among the man’s priorities of life, that’s why the poetess called it “a great deed”.
Q.5 What resemblance, does the poetess find between the King Bruce and the Spider?
Ans. The points of similarity between the King Bruce and the spider were that the aim was quite far away from both of them. Both of them were having a very slightest hope to achieve success i.e. the spider had a single thread to reach the cobweb and the King Bruce also had a very tiny hope to win over his enemies.
Q.6 Why did the King Bruce or poetess call the spider “Brave”.
Ans. The poetess call the spider brave because it was very persistent and tried hard to complete her task. Although she suffered several failures, but she did not show any grieverence on the disportual of its fate. It went on making attempt and at last its persistent tries put it into the cobweb.
Idioms
1. To put into practice: to carry out in deeds.
Example: The soldiers put into practice the training they got in military school.
Sentence: We should put into practice the spirit of patriotism for our country.
2. A wild goose chose: An enterprise which will not succeed.
Example: The old man ran after the boy but a wild goose chase him.
Sentence: The coast guards ran after the criminals in their boats on a wild goose chase.
3. To end in smoke: To have no result, to come to nothing.
Example: Unless you preserve, your work will end in smoke.
Sentence: The soldiers struggled hard to destroy the foe’s base but it ended in smoke.
4. At a lost: Puzzled, not knowing what to do.
Example: I misplaced the book and I was at a loss: how to manage it.
Sentence: Someone stole by Physics book and I was at a loss ho to prepare for the Physics test.
5. With flying colours: To emerge successfully from some difficult task.
Example: Our team returned from the match with flying colours.
Sentence: Pakistan succeeded in the 1965 war with flying colours.
10th Class English Notes Chap 18 (Inheritors)
CHAPTER – 18
Question and Answers
Q.1 What property did the two brothers inherit from their father and what was the suggestions of Azam about the division of property?
Ans. After the death of their father, their father inherited a cow, a date-palm, tree and a blanket equally. Azam, the elder brother suggested that the front part of cow, the upper part of the date-palm tree and the blanket from sunset till morning would belong to him. Where as Moazzam was alloted with the rear part of cow, the lower part of the tree and the blanket for the day time.
Q.2 Why did Moazzam agree to the division?
Ans. Moazzam was innocent and simple boy and agreed to the division because Azam had cunningly presented the useless part of the property as the better ones. Furthermore he believed that whatever his brother will divide, it will beneficial for both of them.
Q.3 Who fed the cow and who got the milk? and why did Azam not give dates to Moazzam?
Ans. According to the agreement between Azam and Moazzam, Moazzam was to feed the cow as the front part belonged to him and Azam got the milk as the rear part was his. Azam did not give the dates to Moazzam because the fruitful part of the tree belong to Azam.
Q.4 How did Moazzam teach the lesson to his elder brother?
Ans. After advising by an old man, Moazzam wisely foiled Azam’s tricks. When Azam was milking the cow he started hitting the cow’s head with a stick, when Azam was picking dates from the tree he started cutting the tree with an axe and when Azam took up blanket, he found it wet which was done by Moazzam. In this manner, Moazzam was able to teach the lesson to his brother.
Q.5 What is the moral of the lesseon “The Inheritors”?
Ans. The moral of the lesson is that falsehood have no ground bases to stand. We should be pragmatic in our dealings and we can answer cleverness by wisdom. We must obey our elder’s advice because their advice is as good as gold.
Q.6 Give the character sketch of Moazzam?
Ans. Moazzam was a very simple and trusting boy. He never hesitated in doing hard work. Obedience and innocence was also the part of Moazzam’s nature.
Q.7 Give the character sketch of Azam?
Ans.Azam was agreedy and selfish person. Being an elder, he had an ordering style. He was always in the favour of cunning and false hood. Laziness was also their in his character.
Q.8 How did Azam cheat Moazzam?
Ans. being selfish and clever, Azam took advantage of Moazzam’s simpliciity by taking every beneficial part of the inheritance. He fleeted milk of cow, fruit of the tree and blanket during night for himself and awarded Moazzam with useless and work needed parts of inheritance.
Q.9 What was the effect of the old man’s advice on Moazzam?
Ans. The oldman’s advice revealed the fact on Moazzam that he was being cheated by the cleverness of his elder brother. The old man made him realized that Azam was taking benefit of the inheritance. Being obedient, Azam accepted the advice of old man and answered the cleverness of his brother with his wisdom.
Sentences
1. Cheat: Aslam was cheated by Ikhlaq through his foolishness.
2. Division: The plan for the division of sub-continent on 14th August 47 is known as 3rd June PLan.
3. Guess: Ahmed could not guessed the mystery.
4. Property: The property of former PM was captured by the Government because he was found indulge in crimes.
5. Milk: I bought 5 litres of milk from the shop to make the milk shake.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Their mother had died in their childhood.
2. His younger brother. Moazzam was simple and trusting.
3. Azam the elder brother was very greedy and clever.
4. Azam suggested that they should divide the propery left by their father.
5. We shall just divide it verbally.
6. Moazzam was delighted with the generosity of this elder brother.
7. It shall be mine only from sunset to sunrise.
8. Now moazzam would feed the cow and Azam would milk it.
9. He did not offer even a single date to his younger brother.
10. Moazzam was quite content with it.
11. Azam enjoyed a deep sleep under the warm blanket.
Grammar
1. Nouns in Sentence
1. Die : Death
He has lost his balance of mind due to the death of his father.
2. Advise : Advice
We must obey our elder’s advice
3. Divide: Division
The plan for the division of sub-continent on 14th August 1947 was presented by Lord Mountt Batten.
4. Suggest: Suggestion
He did not accept any suggestion about his matter and suffered a heavy loss.
5. Agree: Agreement
An agreement of undertaking was signed between Pakistan and America on the basis of Kashmir.
6. Feed : Food
Proper food is not available in our remote villages .
2.Nouns
1. Clever – Cleverness
2. Greedy – Greedy
3. Generous – Generosity
4. Stupid – Stupidity
5. Innocent – Innocence
6. Simple – Simplicity
7. Young – Youth
3. Prepositions
1. He is fond of reading books.
2. Najma is not interested in games.
3. Ajmal is good at mathematics.
4. He is not fit for this job.
5. The baby is crying for its mother.
6. The nurse looks after the patient.
7. The patient has been cured of his disease.
8. He has given up smoking.
9. I am used to taking tea without sugar.
10. We should be proud of our country.
4. Change into Passive Voice
1. The old man advised Moazzam.
Ans. Moazzam was advised by the old man.
2. Moazzam fed and looked after the cow.
Ans. The cow was fed and looked after by Moazzam.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What property did the two brothers inherit from their father and what was the suggestions of Azam about the division of property?
Ans. After the death of their father, their father inherited a cow, a date-palm, tree and a blanket equally. Azam, the elder brother suggested that the front part of cow, the upper part of the date-palm tree and the blanket from sunset till morning would belong to him. Where as Moazzam was alloted with the rear part of cow, the lower part of the tree and the blanket for the day time.
Q.2 Why did Moazzam agree to the division?
Ans. Moazzam was innocent and simple boy and agreed to the division because Azam had cunningly presented the useless part of the property as the better ones. Furthermore he believed that whatever his brother will divide, it will beneficial for both of them.
Q.3 Who fed the cow and who got the milk? and why did Azam not give dates to Moazzam?
Ans. According to the agreement between Azam and Moazzam, Moazzam was to feed the cow as the front part belonged to him and Azam got the milk as the rear part was his. Azam did not give the dates to Moazzam because the fruitful part of the tree belong to Azam.
Q.4 How did Moazzam teach the lesson to his elder brother?
Ans. After advising by an old man, Moazzam wisely foiled Azam’s tricks. When Azam was milking the cow he started hitting the cow’s head with a stick, when Azam was picking dates from the tree he started cutting the tree with an axe and when Azam took up blanket, he found it wet which was done by Moazzam. In this manner, Moazzam was able to teach the lesson to his brother.
Q.5 What is the moral of the lesseon “The Inheritors”?
Ans. The moral of the lesson is that falsehood have no ground bases to stand. We should be pragmatic in our dealings and we can answer cleverness by wisdom. We must obey our elder’s advice because their advice is as good as gold.
Q.6 Give the character sketch of Moazzam?
Ans. Moazzam was a very simple and trusting boy. He never hesitated in doing hard work. Obedience and innocence was also the part of Moazzam’s nature.
Q.7 Give the character sketch of Azam?
Ans.Azam was agreedy and selfish person. Being an elder, he had an ordering style. He was always in the favour of cunning and false hood. Laziness was also their in his character.
Q.8 How did Azam cheat Moazzam?
Ans. being selfish and clever, Azam took advantage of Moazzam’s simpliciity by taking every beneficial part of the inheritance. He fleeted milk of cow, fruit of the tree and blanket during night for himself and awarded Moazzam with useless and work needed parts of inheritance.
Q.9 What was the effect of the old man’s advice on Moazzam?
Ans. The oldman’s advice revealed the fact on Moazzam that he was being cheated by the cleverness of his elder brother. The old man made him realized that Azam was taking benefit of the inheritance. Being obedient, Azam accepted the advice of old man and answered the cleverness of his brother with his wisdom.
Sentences
1. Cheat: Aslam was cheated by Ikhlaq through his foolishness.
2. Division: The plan for the division of sub-continent on 14th August 47 is known as 3rd June PLan.
3. Guess: Ahmed could not guessed the mystery.
4. Property: The property of former PM was captured by the Government because he was found indulge in crimes.
5. Milk: I bought 5 litres of milk from the shop to make the milk shake.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Their mother had died in their childhood.
2. His younger brother. Moazzam was simple and trusting.
3. Azam the elder brother was very greedy and clever.
4. Azam suggested that they should divide the propery left by their father.
5. We shall just divide it verbally.
6. Moazzam was delighted with the generosity of this elder brother.
7. It shall be mine only from sunset to sunrise.
8. Now moazzam would feed the cow and Azam would milk it.
9. He did not offer even a single date to his younger brother.
10. Moazzam was quite content with it.
11. Azam enjoyed a deep sleep under the warm blanket.
Grammar
1. Nouns in Sentence
1. Die : Death
He has lost his balance of mind due to the death of his father.
2. Advise : Advice
We must obey our elder’s advice
3. Divide: Division
The plan for the division of sub-continent on 14th August 1947 was presented by Lord Mountt Batten.
4. Suggest: Suggestion
He did not accept any suggestion about his matter and suffered a heavy loss.
5. Agree: Agreement
An agreement of undertaking was signed between Pakistan and America on the basis of Kashmir.
6. Feed : Food
Proper food is not available in our remote villages .
2.Nouns
1. Clever – Cleverness
2. Greedy – Greedy
3. Generous – Generosity
4. Stupid – Stupidity
5. Innocent – Innocence
6. Simple – Simplicity
7. Young – Youth
3. Prepositions
1. He is fond of reading books.
2. Najma is not interested in games.
3. Ajmal is good at mathematics.
4. He is not fit for this job.
5. The baby is crying for its mother.
6. The nurse looks after the patient.
7. The patient has been cured of his disease.
8. He has given up smoking.
9. I am used to taking tea without sugar.
10. We should be proud of our country.
4. Change into Passive Voice
1. The old man advised Moazzam.
Ans. Moazzam was advised by the old man.
2. Moazzam fed and looked after the cow.
Ans. The cow was fed and looked after by Moazzam.
10th Class English Notes Chap 19 (casabianca)
CHAPTER – 19
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Felicia Dorethea Hemans (1973-1835). She was born at Liverpool, but the family moved to Wales where she was brought up. She was quick in mind and had a fine memory. As a poet, she has been compared to Long fellow. Like Couper, she loved the pathetic, and there is great enthusiasm for chivalry and heroism in her work. She also stressed moral values.
Theme
“A man of courage is full of faith.”
or
“Patriotism is a great virtue that makes people forgive their selfness.”
Central Idea
The central idea of this poem is the the noble characteristics like chivalirism, obedience and morality demand the impossible, the obsolite and the death which itself transfigured into eternal life. Deep-rooted faithfulness is majestic and unmatched which makes a man rise above all personal affiliation.
Summary
This poem is written by an English poetess Felicia Dorothea Hemans.
Casabianca is not purely fictitous story. It is a story of brave and innocent boy. The poetess has depicted a scene of sea battle. Where a ship is own ablaze with casabiance standing on the deck. During the battle when every part of ship was gutted with fire, most of the crew members had died and the live ones had runaway to save their lives. But casabianca kept standing, fearless of fire and enemy’s shelling where he was in obedience of his father’s order who was the captain of the ship.
When the ship was burning with fire, Casabianca’s impatient nature made him ask the permission to leave the battle field but there was no reply as his father was dead.
In the last three stanzas, the poetess has described the scene of casabianca’s death when the flames of fire engulfed him, the ship was also blasted and his body blown to bites. But in reality his spirit and moral was not defeated. Till his last breath, he stood like rock facing death and danger.
Question and Answers
Q.1 Write a short note on Casabianca?
Ans. Casabianca was a young and brave soldier of his country. He was a born hero and has a very strong, composed and pleasant personality. Dutifulness and obedience were his making characteristics and he was proud of fighting for his country.
Q.2 What do you know about a battleship from this poem?
Ans. As the poem was written in the 19th century, in these days ships made from wood. There were different parts like most, helm, pennon fair etc. Moreover they also used, cannon balls for destruction purposes.
Q.3 How has the Felicia Dorothea Hemans been compared to other poets?
Ans. Felicia Dorothea Hemans has been compared to Henry Long Fellow and Couper. She had the same pathetic and there is a great enthusiasm for chivalry and heroism in her work like the other poets. She also stressed moral values.
Q.4 What does the poetess mean by saying that “Lone Post of Death”?
Ans. The poetess is describing the death scene of Casabianca through the phrase. It means that when the fire was near to engulf him and his death time had arrived, than he was all alone on the battleship. He had a desperation about his father, future i.e. about winning over the battle.
Q.5 Why does the poetess call the Casabianca “A Gallant Child”?
Ans. The poetess calls the Casabianca “a gallant child” because he stood like a rock, fairless of the fire, the enemy’s shelling and his despair in the moments of death and danger. When his body blown into bites i.e. he was defeated by the death, but actually his spirit was not overpowered and he remained as a brave and valiant soldier.
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Felicia Dorethea Hemans (1973-1835). She was born at Liverpool, but the family moved to Wales where she was brought up. She was quick in mind and had a fine memory. As a poet, she has been compared to Long fellow. Like Couper, she loved the pathetic, and there is great enthusiasm for chivalry and heroism in her work. She also stressed moral values.
Theme
“A man of courage is full of faith.”
or
“Patriotism is a great virtue that makes people forgive their selfness.”
Central Idea
The central idea of this poem is the the noble characteristics like chivalirism, obedience and morality demand the impossible, the obsolite and the death which itself transfigured into eternal life. Deep-rooted faithfulness is majestic and unmatched which makes a man rise above all personal affiliation.
Summary
This poem is written by an English poetess Felicia Dorothea Hemans.
Casabianca is not purely fictitous story. It is a story of brave and innocent boy. The poetess has depicted a scene of sea battle. Where a ship is own ablaze with casabiance standing on the deck. During the battle when every part of ship was gutted with fire, most of the crew members had died and the live ones had runaway to save their lives. But casabianca kept standing, fearless of fire and enemy’s shelling where he was in obedience of his father’s order who was the captain of the ship.
When the ship was burning with fire, Casabianca’s impatient nature made him ask the permission to leave the battle field but there was no reply as his father was dead.
In the last three stanzas, the poetess has described the scene of casabianca’s death when the flames of fire engulfed him, the ship was also blasted and his body blown to bites. But in reality his spirit and moral was not defeated. Till his last breath, he stood like rock facing death and danger.
Question and Answers
Q.1 Write a short note on Casabianca?
Ans. Casabianca was a young and brave soldier of his country. He was a born hero and has a very strong, composed and pleasant personality. Dutifulness and obedience were his making characteristics and he was proud of fighting for his country.
Q.2 What do you know about a battleship from this poem?
Ans. As the poem was written in the 19th century, in these days ships made from wood. There were different parts like most, helm, pennon fair etc. Moreover they also used, cannon balls for destruction purposes.
Q.3 How has the Felicia Dorothea Hemans been compared to other poets?
Ans. Felicia Dorothea Hemans has been compared to Henry Long Fellow and Couper. She had the same pathetic and there is a great enthusiasm for chivalry and heroism in her work like the other poets. She also stressed moral values.
Q.4 What does the poetess mean by saying that “Lone Post of Death”?
Ans. The poetess is describing the death scene of Casabianca through the phrase. It means that when the fire was near to engulf him and his death time had arrived, than he was all alone on the battleship. He had a desperation about his father, future i.e. about winning over the battle.
Q.5 Why does the poetess call the Casabianca “A Gallant Child”?
Ans. The poetess calls the Casabianca “a gallant child” because he stood like a rock, fairless of the fire, the enemy’s shelling and his despair in the moments of death and danger. When his body blown into bites i.e. he was defeated by the death, but actually his spirit was not overpowered and he remained as a brave and valiant soldier.
10th Class English Notes Chap 20 (The Khyber Pass)
CHAPTER – 20
Question and Answers
Q.1 What is the Khyber Pass? How long it is ? Where do we go through the Pass?
Ans. Khyber Pass is one of the most famous pass which is a narrow mountain valley. It is about fifty kilometres long. From Khyber Pass we can go to Afghanistan and on the other side is the famous city of Peshawar.
Q.2 When did Aryans cross it and how many times did Mahmood Ghaznavi cross it and why?
Ans. Aryans crossed nearly four thousand years ago the Khyber Pass to enter Pakistan. Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi crossed the Khyber Pass seventimes. He crossed this passage in order to invade the sub-continent.
Q.3 What is the economical importance of Khyber Pass? Or Why it had been a famous trade in history?
Ans. The economical importance of Khyber Pass is that it is used a trading route between the different regions. It is the most favourable and best connection of East Asian countries with Central Asian countries for trading purposes. The important goods which are transferred through this pass into different regions include mirrors, furs, skins and fruits.
Q.4 What did the camel caravans carry? By what have the camels caravans been replaced?
Ans. The camel caravans carried mirrors, furs, skins, fruits, spices, silk, carpet etc to different parts of the region. The camels caravans have now been replaced by trains, trucks and lorries which are the most advanced and fastest means of transportation.
Q.5 Who lives in the mountains of the Khyber Pass?
Ans. The brave tribal people and Pathans live in the mountains of the Khyber Pass, who fought with the mighty British Empire for hundred years and defended their freedom. They are war like people among which keeping fire alarms is a common feature. But after joining Pakistan they are now the defenders of North-Western frontier of Pakistan.
Q.6 Why Landi Kotal is the famous place along the Pass?
Ans. Landi Kotal is the famous place along the Pass because it is the highest place about thirty km away from Jamrod Check post along the pass. It is also a market place where most of the people enjoy eating Tikkas and Chapli Kabab. Landi Kotal is a beautiful spot from where the road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
Q.7 What is the historical importance of Khyber Pass?
Ans. The historical importance of Khyber Pass cannot be neglected because many Muslim conquerors like Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi, Shahabuddin Ghouri, Babur and Ahmed Shah Abdli made their way through this Pass. Mostly this pass had been used in the history for attacking nd conquering South Asia.
Q.8 Describe briefly the route from Peshawar to Khyber Pass.
Ans. The route for reaching Khyber Pass starts from the central city of Peshawar. About fourteen Kilometers from Peshawar is the Jamrod Check Post from where the permits are issued and which is surrounded by mountains. The road then runs is a haphazard manner to Landi Kotal, 30 km away from Jamrod Check Post and finally after a journey of ten km is the frontier post between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Sentences
1. Famous: Kentucky fried chicken has become very famous in Karachi.
2. Spices: Spices give a delicious taste to vegetables.
3. Conqueror: The conqueror Halaku Khan was the sign of terror for the whole world.
4. Defended: The borders of Pakistan were successfully defended by the soldier during 1965 war.
5. Stretched: He stretched his arms to hold the pile of books.
Fill in the Blanks
1. There are many who have traveled through some part of it.
2. Khyber Pass has been famous in history.
3. It has also been a famous trade route.
4. These brave tribes men fought the mighty British Empire.
5. They are the defenders of the North-Westen frontier of Pakistan.
6. They ate some Tikkas and Chapli Kabab.
7. The road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
8. It has to run through many tunnels in the mountains.
9. They were welcomed by the soldiers guarding the frontier.
Compound Words
1. Pakistan – Flag
2. Camel – Caravan
3. Class – Fellows
4. Check – Post
5. Railway – Line
6. Mule – Trains
Idioms
1. Don’t go out alone in the Dark
Meaning: Don’t be out of doors at night alone.
Sentence: My parents always guide me not to go out in the dark.
2. There is such a strong breeze, the candle may go out
Meaning: There is such a strong breeze that the candle may be extinguished.
Sentence: Yesterday there was strong wind blowing that I said to my friends that their is such a strong breeze, the candle may go out.
3. Clothes go out of Fashion too fast
Meaning: Fashions of clothes last only for short periods of time.
Sentence: As it is a modern method so clothes go out of fashion too fast.
4. You can see more the land when the tides goes out
Meaning: When the water receds more the sea-shore is visible.
Sentence: When I went to the sea-side the tide was not very high so I said to my friend that you can see more the land when the tide goes out.
5. The party went all out to win the elections
Meaning: The party made strenuous efforts to win the election.
Sentence: My uncle is in politics so his party went all out to win the elections.
6. He goes out of his way to help
Meaning: He makes extra ordinary efforts to help
Sentence: My friend is very generous and kind so he always goes out of his way to help any body.
7. I’m going off to my friend’s house
Meaning: I am leaving for my friend’s house.
Sentence: Yesterday there was my friend’s birthday so I went off at 7′O clock to my friend’s house.
8. How did your interview go off?
Meaning: How did you fail in your interview?
Sentence: Yesterday my friend went to an organization in order to give his interview when he was returning him how did his interview go off?
9. England has gone off the gold standard
Meaning: England’s currency is no longer solidly backed by gold.
Sentence: The quality of Pakistani rice has not yet gone off beyond the standards.
10. I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb explodes
Meaning: I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb goes off.
Sentence: When some guys fitted the bomb in a school, the principal of a school was saying again and again that I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb goes off.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What is the Khyber Pass? How long it is ? Where do we go through the Pass?
Ans. Khyber Pass is one of the most famous pass which is a narrow mountain valley. It is about fifty kilometres long. From Khyber Pass we can go to Afghanistan and on the other side is the famous city of Peshawar.
Q.2 When did Aryans cross it and how many times did Mahmood Ghaznavi cross it and why?
Ans. Aryans crossed nearly four thousand years ago the Khyber Pass to enter Pakistan. Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi crossed the Khyber Pass seventimes. He crossed this passage in order to invade the sub-continent.
Q.3 What is the economical importance of Khyber Pass? Or Why it had been a famous trade in history?
Ans. The economical importance of Khyber Pass is that it is used a trading route between the different regions. It is the most favourable and best connection of East Asian countries with Central Asian countries for trading purposes. The important goods which are transferred through this pass into different regions include mirrors, furs, skins and fruits.
Q.4 What did the camel caravans carry? By what have the camels caravans been replaced?
Ans. The camel caravans carried mirrors, furs, skins, fruits, spices, silk, carpet etc to different parts of the region. The camels caravans have now been replaced by trains, trucks and lorries which are the most advanced and fastest means of transportation.
Q.5 Who lives in the mountains of the Khyber Pass?
Ans. The brave tribal people and Pathans live in the mountains of the Khyber Pass, who fought with the mighty British Empire for hundred years and defended their freedom. They are war like people among which keeping fire alarms is a common feature. But after joining Pakistan they are now the defenders of North-Western frontier of Pakistan.
Q.6 Why Landi Kotal is the famous place along the Pass?
Ans. Landi Kotal is the famous place along the Pass because it is the highest place about thirty km away from Jamrod Check post along the pass. It is also a market place where most of the people enjoy eating Tikkas and Chapli Kabab. Landi Kotal is a beautiful spot from where the road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
Q.7 What is the historical importance of Khyber Pass?
Ans. The historical importance of Khyber Pass cannot be neglected because many Muslim conquerors like Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi, Shahabuddin Ghouri, Babur and Ahmed Shah Abdli made their way through this Pass. Mostly this pass had been used in the history for attacking nd conquering South Asia.
Q.8 Describe briefly the route from Peshawar to Khyber Pass.
Ans. The route for reaching Khyber Pass starts from the central city of Peshawar. About fourteen Kilometers from Peshawar is the Jamrod Check Post from where the permits are issued and which is surrounded by mountains. The road then runs is a haphazard manner to Landi Kotal, 30 km away from Jamrod Check Post and finally after a journey of ten km is the frontier post between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Sentences
1. Famous: Kentucky fried chicken has become very famous in Karachi.
2. Spices: Spices give a delicious taste to vegetables.
3. Conqueror: The conqueror Halaku Khan was the sign of terror for the whole world.
4. Defended: The borders of Pakistan were successfully defended by the soldier during 1965 war.
5. Stretched: He stretched his arms to hold the pile of books.
Fill in the Blanks
1. There are many who have traveled through some part of it.
2. Khyber Pass has been famous in history.
3. It has also been a famous trade route.
4. These brave tribes men fought the mighty British Empire.
5. They are the defenders of the North-Westen frontier of Pakistan.
6. They ate some Tikkas and Chapli Kabab.
7. The road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
8. It has to run through many tunnels in the mountains.
9. They were welcomed by the soldiers guarding the frontier.
Compound Words
1. Pakistan – Flag
2. Camel – Caravan
3. Class – Fellows
4. Check – Post
5. Railway – Line
6. Mule – Trains
Idioms
1. Don’t go out alone in the Dark
Meaning: Don’t be out of doors at night alone.
Sentence: My parents always guide me not to go out in the dark.
2. There is such a strong breeze, the candle may go out
Meaning: There is such a strong breeze that the candle may be extinguished.
Sentence: Yesterday there was strong wind blowing that I said to my friends that their is such a strong breeze, the candle may go out.
3. Clothes go out of Fashion too fast
Meaning: Fashions of clothes last only for short periods of time.
Sentence: As it is a modern method so clothes go out of fashion too fast.
4. You can see more the land when the tides goes out
Meaning: When the water receds more the sea-shore is visible.
Sentence: When I went to the sea-side the tide was not very high so I said to my friend that you can see more the land when the tide goes out.
5. The party went all out to win the elections
Meaning: The party made strenuous efforts to win the election.
Sentence: My uncle is in politics so his party went all out to win the elections.
6. He goes out of his way to help
Meaning: He makes extra ordinary efforts to help
Sentence: My friend is very generous and kind so he always goes out of his way to help any body.
7. I’m going off to my friend’s house
Meaning: I am leaving for my friend’s house.
Sentence: Yesterday there was my friend’s birthday so I went off at 7′O clock to my friend’s house.
8. How did your interview go off?
Meaning: How did you fail in your interview?
Sentence: Yesterday my friend went to an organization in order to give his interview when he was returning him how did his interview go off?
9. England has gone off the gold standard
Meaning: England’s currency is no longer solidly backed by gold.
Sentence: The quality of Pakistani rice has not yet gone off beyond the standards.
10. I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb explodes
Meaning: I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb goes off.
Sentence: When some guys fitted the bomb in a school, the principal of a school was saying again and again that I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb goes off.
10th Class English Notes Chap 21 (The Minstrel Boy)
CHAPTER - 21
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Thomas Moore (1779-1852) an Irish poet. He was born in Dublin where he studied at the best school. He was admitted to Trinity College at the age of 15 years. He became an enthusiastic Irish Poet. In imitation of Lord Byron, who was his friend, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called “Lalla Rookh”. His patriotic feelings is well expressed in this poem.
Theme
“Patriotism is not a short out burst of emotions but the tranquil and steady dedication of lifetime.”
or
“Only passions, great passions can elevate the soul into great things.”‘
Summary
The poem “The Minstrel Boy” has been written by a famous Irish poet Thomas Moore. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.
The poem is in the praise of a minstrel boy. He was a great singer who used to sing songs on the time of his harp in the peacetime. But when the wartime came on his country, he joined the army of flight for his country. Actually he was continuing the legacy of his fore fathers i.e. to fight for their country.
He fought bravely, with his sward and sacrificed his life for the protection of his motherland. When he was near to death, he tore off all his belonging because he wanted the enemy to realize that people like him would never allow him to touch their beloved homeland.
In the end the poet has show his patriotic feelings in a convincing way. He says that the enemy might defeat the minstrel boy physically but they could not conquer his spirits. The minstrel boy’s harp was destroyed by the minstrel boy himself because it was meant to sing in peace not in slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by their action.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What do you know about Thomas Moore?
Ans. Thomas Moore was an enthusiastic Irish poet. In the imitation of his friend Lord Byron, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called “Lalla Rookh”. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.
Q.2 What does Thomas Moore mean when he says as “thought all the world betray thee”?
Ans. Thomas Moore has tried to convey a message by these words to his nation that if you’ve got three things, no matter the whole world turns against you, you are not to afraid of it. Loyal and faithful companions, a beloved motherland and power to protect the privilege.
Q.3 Why did he destroy his harp?
Ans. Before the minstrel boy was dead he destroyed his harp because he wanted the enemy to realize that every single child of his nation would not allow them to touch their homeland with impure hands. Moreover his harp was meant to play in peace and if the harp had survived it would have chained into the atmosphere of slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by the action of minstrel boy.
Q.4 For whom the poet was the words warrior bard and proud soul?
Ans. Thomas Moore has paid a homage to the minstrel boy by alloting him the bites of “warrior bard” and the “proud soul”. Thomas Moore has used these words to exhibit the spirit of chamisism in the minstrel boy. He was a great and brave fighter and was proud of fighting for his homeland.
Q.5 For whom were the songs of harp made?
Ans. The songs sung on the tune of harp were the marks of peace and carried out detention against slavery. these songs were made to please the patriots of minstrel boy’s nation. Only faithfully and Loyal companions and the men who were got freedom of their homeland could hear these songs.
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Thomas Moore (1779-1852) an Irish poet. He was born in Dublin where he studied at the best school. He was admitted to Trinity College at the age of 15 years. He became an enthusiastic Irish Poet. In imitation of Lord Byron, who was his friend, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called “Lalla Rookh”. His patriotic feelings is well expressed in this poem.
Theme
“Patriotism is not a short out burst of emotions but the tranquil and steady dedication of lifetime.”
or
“Only passions, great passions can elevate the soul into great things.”‘
Summary
The poem “The Minstrel Boy” has been written by a famous Irish poet Thomas Moore. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.
The poem is in the praise of a minstrel boy. He was a great singer who used to sing songs on the time of his harp in the peacetime. But when the wartime came on his country, he joined the army of flight for his country. Actually he was continuing the legacy of his fore fathers i.e. to fight for their country.
He fought bravely, with his sward and sacrificed his life for the protection of his motherland. When he was near to death, he tore off all his belonging because he wanted the enemy to realize that people like him would never allow him to touch their beloved homeland.
In the end the poet has show his patriotic feelings in a convincing way. He says that the enemy might defeat the minstrel boy physically but they could not conquer his spirits. The minstrel boy’s harp was destroyed by the minstrel boy himself because it was meant to sing in peace not in slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by their action.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What do you know about Thomas Moore?
Ans. Thomas Moore was an enthusiastic Irish poet. In the imitation of his friend Lord Byron, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called “Lalla Rookh”. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.
Q.2 What does Thomas Moore mean when he says as “thought all the world betray thee”?
Ans. Thomas Moore has tried to convey a message by these words to his nation that if you’ve got three things, no matter the whole world turns against you, you are not to afraid of it. Loyal and faithful companions, a beloved motherland and power to protect the privilege.
Q.3 Why did he destroy his harp?
Ans. Before the minstrel boy was dead he destroyed his harp because he wanted the enemy to realize that every single child of his nation would not allow them to touch their homeland with impure hands. Moreover his harp was meant to play in peace and if the harp had survived it would have chained into the atmosphere of slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by the action of minstrel boy.
Q.4 For whom the poet was the words warrior bard and proud soul?
Ans. Thomas Moore has paid a homage to the minstrel boy by alloting him the bites of “warrior bard” and the “proud soul”. Thomas Moore has used these words to exhibit the spirit of chamisism in the minstrel boy. He was a great and brave fighter and was proud of fighting for his homeland.
Q.5 For whom were the songs of harp made?
Ans. The songs sung on the tune of harp were the marks of peace and carried out detention against slavery. these songs were made to please the patriots of minstrel boy’s nation. Only faithfully and Loyal companions and the men who were got freedom of their homeland could hear these songs.
10th Class English Notes Chap 22 (How To Do Things)
CHAPTER – 22
Question and Answers
Q.1 What games were arranged for the guests?
Ans. To make the party colourful and fascinating, Shahnawaz also arranged some games. These games include “Passing the Parcel”, “Treasure Hunt” and “Musical Chair”. These games provided fun and laughter to the guests.
Q.2 When is a bicycle-rider a joy? When does this joy vanish?
Ans. Bicycle ride is a joy when one is young, it is also a pleasant experience when you are riding a bicycle. This joy suddenly vanishes when the cycle gets punctured. You feel while the riding that the tyre has lost its lightness and is pressing flat against the ground.
Q.3 What does the kit for mending the puncture contain?
Ans. The kit for mending the puncture is needed when the tyre last its lightness. The kit contains a wrench, a pair of small scissors, a piece of an old cycle tube, sand paper, a coloured pencil and the sticking solution.
Q.4 How is the “Parcel” prepared for the “Parcel Game”?
Ans.The parcel game is to be very interesting and exciting. A piece of Toffee is put in a small carton which was wrapped with many layers of coloured papers.
Q.5 How is the game “Treasure Hunt” played?
Ans. Treasure hunt is an interesting game. In treasure hunt small things wrapped in paper are to be hidden at different places in the room. The guest are to look for every where till all the treasures are found.
Q.6 Describe the process of mending a puncture?
Ans. In order to make a puncture, first of all we take out tube from the wheel and inflate it. Then we dip it in water and find out the puncture, mark it with the coloured pencil and dry it and rub it with sand paper and then apply sticking solution and press it. The tube is then put into tyre and pumped. The puncture has been mended.
Q.7 Describe the process of mending a puncture in a repair shop?
Ans. The purpose of mending a puncture at a bicycle repair shop is different one. A kind of half solid rubber solution is applied to the puncture part of the tube. It is heated at a certain temperature for some time in a machine which is a sort of press. The solution melts and sticks to the tube so that both are inseparable.
Q.8 What are the amusing aspects of parcel game?
Ans. The amusing aspects of parcel game are the punishment given during the games These punishments are the mixture of commands like “sing a song”, “crow like a cock”, “bleat like a goat”, “bray like a donkey”. Everyone has to obey the command that fell to it his lot.
Q.9 How can a successful party be arranged?
Ans. A successful party can be arranged through the following steps. A party should be well-planned and decorative to attract the people. The menu setting and serving counts very munch in a coourful party and there should be some entertainment for the guests.
Q.10 How decoration is necessary for arranging a party?
Ans. Decoration is the best way to make a party fascinating. If the decoration is not attractive the party has no effect. The party place should be adorn in such a manner that it could capture the attention of the guests and add beautiful colours to the party.
Sentences
1. Honour: It is an honou for us that Shahid Afridi has broken the world record.
2. Serve: We should serve our country with heart and soul.
3. Frighten: My sister is frightened of going into dark.
4. Riding: Riding a bicycle is a great fun.
5. Puncture: Puncture can easily be mended if you have the puncture kit with you.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Shahnaz was very happy because it was her birthday.
2. She had invited her friends to a party.
3. The two friends talked about the menu.
4. Now they got busy int he kitchen.
5. Riding a bicycle is joy when one is young.
6. They decided to buy the rest of the things from the market.
7. You are riding back home merrily.
8. You lay you bicycle on the ground.
9. You take out your kit for the puncture.
10. This emergency should not worry you if you are prepared on it.
Idioms
1. Odds and ends: A collection of obhects not belonging to any group of order, left over and discarded.
Example: That shop does not still anything in particular. It has only odds and ends.
Sentence: He claims that he is very fond of collecting precious stones, but his collection contains only odds and ends.
2. Under one’s nose: immediately with reach.
Example: You don’t have to go far. It’s under your nose.
Sentence: I looked for my English copy everywhere and it was under my nose all the time.
3. To poke one’s nose into: To meddle or interfere
Example: She has the bad habit of poking her nose into the matters that are not her concern.
Sentence: According to the charter of U.N. no country is allowed to poke her nose into the personal affairs of any country.
4. To kick up a row: To make a disturbance or noise
Example: If you don’t kick up a row, you will not be paid attention to
Sentence: The young boys started kicking up a row, when Micheal Jackson began to sing.
5. To wind up: To bring to an end
Example: I’m using my last week in the country to wind up by business here.
Sentence: The director winded up the set due to late arrival of the artist.
Grammar
1.Noun
1. Invite – Invitation
2. Busy – Business
3. Prepare – Preparation
4. Discuss – Discussion
5. Decorate – Decoration
6. Punish – Punishment
7. Collect – Collection
8. Sing – Song
9. Decide – Decision
2. Idiomatic Structures
1. To pour in: When I was passed in 9th class examination a number of phone calls of congratulations poured in.
2. To pour out: In winter season when I am feelings too cold. I asked my mother to pour out some hot tea for me.
3. To pour over: In the war, the nurse were pouring medicine over the wounded soldiers.
4. To put on: At the day of Eid festival, I put on my new clothes.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What games were arranged for the guests?
Ans. To make the party colourful and fascinating, Shahnawaz also arranged some games. These games include “Passing the Parcel”, “Treasure Hunt” and “Musical Chair”. These games provided fun and laughter to the guests.
Q.2 When is a bicycle-rider a joy? When does this joy vanish?
Ans. Bicycle ride is a joy when one is young, it is also a pleasant experience when you are riding a bicycle. This joy suddenly vanishes when the cycle gets punctured. You feel while the riding that the tyre has lost its lightness and is pressing flat against the ground.
Q.3 What does the kit for mending the puncture contain?
Ans. The kit for mending the puncture is needed when the tyre last its lightness. The kit contains a wrench, a pair of small scissors, a piece of an old cycle tube, sand paper, a coloured pencil and the sticking solution.
Q.4 How is the “Parcel” prepared for the “Parcel Game”?
Ans.The parcel game is to be very interesting and exciting. A piece of Toffee is put in a small carton which was wrapped with many layers of coloured papers.
Q.5 How is the game “Treasure Hunt” played?
Ans. Treasure hunt is an interesting game. In treasure hunt small things wrapped in paper are to be hidden at different places in the room. The guest are to look for every where till all the treasures are found.
Q.6 Describe the process of mending a puncture?
Ans. In order to make a puncture, first of all we take out tube from the wheel and inflate it. Then we dip it in water and find out the puncture, mark it with the coloured pencil and dry it and rub it with sand paper and then apply sticking solution and press it. The tube is then put into tyre and pumped. The puncture has been mended.
Q.7 Describe the process of mending a puncture in a repair shop?
Ans. The purpose of mending a puncture at a bicycle repair shop is different one. A kind of half solid rubber solution is applied to the puncture part of the tube. It is heated at a certain temperature for some time in a machine which is a sort of press. The solution melts and sticks to the tube so that both are inseparable.
Q.8 What are the amusing aspects of parcel game?
Ans. The amusing aspects of parcel game are the punishment given during the games These punishments are the mixture of commands like “sing a song”, “crow like a cock”, “bleat like a goat”, “bray like a donkey”. Everyone has to obey the command that fell to it his lot.
Q.9 How can a successful party be arranged?
Ans. A successful party can be arranged through the following steps. A party should be well-planned and decorative to attract the people. The menu setting and serving counts very munch in a coourful party and there should be some entertainment for the guests.
Q.10 How decoration is necessary for arranging a party?
Ans. Decoration is the best way to make a party fascinating. If the decoration is not attractive the party has no effect. The party place should be adorn in such a manner that it could capture the attention of the guests and add beautiful colours to the party.
Sentences
1. Honour: It is an honou for us that Shahid Afridi has broken the world record.
2. Serve: We should serve our country with heart and soul.
3. Frighten: My sister is frightened of going into dark.
4. Riding: Riding a bicycle is a great fun.
5. Puncture: Puncture can easily be mended if you have the puncture kit with you.
Fill in the Blanks
1. Shahnaz was very happy because it was her birthday.
2. She had invited her friends to a party.
3. The two friends talked about the menu.
4. Now they got busy int he kitchen.
5. Riding a bicycle is joy when one is young.
6. They decided to buy the rest of the things from the market.
7. You are riding back home merrily.
8. You lay you bicycle on the ground.
9. You take out your kit for the puncture.
10. This emergency should not worry you if you are prepared on it.
Idioms
1. Odds and ends: A collection of obhects not belonging to any group of order, left over and discarded.
Example: That shop does not still anything in particular. It has only odds and ends.
Sentence: He claims that he is very fond of collecting precious stones, but his collection contains only odds and ends.
2. Under one’s nose: immediately with reach.
Example: You don’t have to go far. It’s under your nose.
Sentence: I looked for my English copy everywhere and it was under my nose all the time.
3. To poke one’s nose into: To meddle or interfere
Example: She has the bad habit of poking her nose into the matters that are not her concern.
Sentence: According to the charter of U.N. no country is allowed to poke her nose into the personal affairs of any country.
4. To kick up a row: To make a disturbance or noise
Example: If you don’t kick up a row, you will not be paid attention to
Sentence: The young boys started kicking up a row, when Micheal Jackson began to sing.
5. To wind up: To bring to an end
Example: I’m using my last week in the country to wind up by business here.
Sentence: The director winded up the set due to late arrival of the artist.
Grammar
1.Noun
1. Invite – Invitation
2. Busy – Business
3. Prepare – Preparation
4. Discuss – Discussion
5. Decorate – Decoration
6. Punish – Punishment
7. Collect – Collection
8. Sing – Song
9. Decide – Decision
2. Idiomatic Structures
1. To pour in: When I was passed in 9th class examination a number of phone calls of congratulations poured in.
2. To pour out: In winter season when I am feelings too cold. I asked my mother to pour out some hot tea for me.
3. To pour over: In the war, the nurse were pouring medicine over the wounded soldiers.
4. To put on: At the day of Eid festival, I put on my new clothes.
10th Class English Notes Chap 23 (The Uses Of Adversity)
CHAPTER – 23
Question and Answers
Q.1 Write the message of this poem?
Ans. Adversity is the mother of our noblest virtues that teach us patience, perseverance fortitude. Self help and sympathy and bring us nearest to Almighty creator. Adversity is a gift from God. Seeming ugly and dark but actually messengers of sweetness and light. As Francis Bacon says “The virtue of Adversity is fortitude, which is mortal in the more heroic virtue.”
Idioms
1. In black and white: In writing
Example: I cannot accept your oral complaint. It must be in black and white.
Sentence: The teacher rejected the student’s oral application by saying that it must be in black and white.
Idiomatic Structures
1. Out of: Only two out of ten people are eduction in our country.
2. Instead of: Instead of writing him a letter you can telegram.
3. Inspite of: Inspite of three warnings, the thief continue his work, that’s why Policeman arrested him.
4. Because of: Because of hardworking, I got 1st position in the class.
5. For the sake of: Captain Rashid Minhas died for the sake of country.
6. Every now and again: Few weeks ago strikes were being called every now and again.
7. All over again: Yesterday he lost his coy, so he rewrite his work all over again.
8. Time and again: He had been warned time and again to quit smoking by his parents.
Question and Answers
Q.1 Write the message of this poem?
Ans. Adversity is the mother of our noblest virtues that teach us patience, perseverance fortitude. Self help and sympathy and bring us nearest to Almighty creator. Adversity is a gift from God. Seeming ugly and dark but actually messengers of sweetness and light. As Francis Bacon says “The virtue of Adversity is fortitude, which is mortal in the more heroic virtue.”
Idioms
1. In black and white: In writing
Example: I cannot accept your oral complaint. It must be in black and white.
Sentence: The teacher rejected the student’s oral application by saying that it must be in black and white.
Idiomatic Structures
1. Out of: Only two out of ten people are eduction in our country.
2. Instead of: Instead of writing him a letter you can telegram.
3. Inspite of: Inspite of three warnings, the thief continue his work, that’s why Policeman arrested him.
4. Because of: Because of hardworking, I got 1st position in the class.
5. For the sake of: Captain Rashid Minhas died for the sake of country.
6. Every now and again: Few weeks ago strikes were being called every now and again.
7. All over again: Yesterday he lost his coy, so he rewrite his work all over again.
8. Time and again: He had been warned time and again to quit smoking by his parents.
10th Class English Notes Chap 24 (Making A Summary)
English Notes BBISE
CHAPTER – 24
Question and Answers
Q.1 Give the Summary of the Lesson.
Ans. We use summary to express lengthy material in short steps. A good summary is generally one third of the length. Precise must not look like a collection of disjointed sentences nor should any important or beautiful idea of the original be left. For making a precise, we should keep five skills in mind among which generalizing of ideas is an initial step. Selection of related ideas, compression of lengthy sentences, use of indirect narration and reference of the author counts very much in Precise-writing.
Q.2 What is the significance of Precise-Writing?
Ans. The significance of Precise-writing is clear from the fact tht in this fast moving world, one could not pace up with the advancement of the world, so the man of this century depends mostly upon precise. It is the easiest way to get information at length in shortest possible time by average reading.
Q.3 What are the steps involved in Precise-Writing?
Ans. Precise-writing is used to express prolong material in short steps. A perfect precise can be produced by the combination of five steps among which use of indirect narration and compression of lengthy material are important. The other steps are selection of related ideas, generalizing of ideas and reference of the author.
Grammar
1. Give One General Word
1. Football, Cricket, Hockey, Volley ball – Games/Sports
2. Tables, Chairs, Sofas, Cupboards – Furniture
3. Snakes, Crocodiles, Lizards – Reptiles
4. Lions, Bears, Tigers – Beasts
5. Sheep, Goats, Horses, Camels, Donkeys – Cattles
2. Compress into One Word
1. That which cannot be done – Impossible
2. That which cannot be eaten – Inedible
3. That which cannot be described – Indescribable
4. That which cannot be conquered – Invincible
5. That which cannot be read – Illegible
6. That which cannot be seen – Invisible
7. That which cannot be avoided – Inevitable
3. Indirect Speech
1. “She is lonely”, they say
Indirect: They say that she is lonely.
2. “Could it be mended”? they asked.
Indirect: They asked if it could have been mended.
3. “Open the suit case”, he said to him.
Indirect: He ordered him to open the suit-case.
4. I am unwell”, he says
Indirect: He tells that he is unwell.
5. “I was lying”, he confessed.
Indirect: He confessed that he had been lying.
CHAPTER – 24
Question and Answers
Q.1 Give the Summary of the Lesson.
Ans. We use summary to express lengthy material in short steps. A good summary is generally one third of the length. Precise must not look like a collection of disjointed sentences nor should any important or beautiful idea of the original be left. For making a precise, we should keep five skills in mind among which generalizing of ideas is an initial step. Selection of related ideas, compression of lengthy sentences, use of indirect narration and reference of the author counts very much in Precise-writing.
Q.2 What is the significance of Precise-Writing?
Ans. The significance of Precise-writing is clear from the fact tht in this fast moving world, one could not pace up with the advancement of the world, so the man of this century depends mostly upon precise. It is the easiest way to get information at length in shortest possible time by average reading.
Q.3 What are the steps involved in Precise-Writing?
Ans. Precise-writing is used to express prolong material in short steps. A perfect precise can be produced by the combination of five steps among which use of indirect narration and compression of lengthy material are important. The other steps are selection of related ideas, generalizing of ideas and reference of the author.
Grammar
1. Give One General Word
1. Football, Cricket, Hockey, Volley ball – Games/Sports
2. Tables, Chairs, Sofas, Cupboards – Furniture
3. Snakes, Crocodiles, Lizards – Reptiles
4. Lions, Bears, Tigers – Beasts
5. Sheep, Goats, Horses, Camels, Donkeys – Cattles
2. Compress into One Word
1. That which cannot be done – Impossible
2. That which cannot be eaten – Inedible
3. That which cannot be described – Indescribable
4. That which cannot be conquered – Invincible
5. That which cannot be read – Illegible
6. That which cannot be seen – Invisible
7. That which cannot be avoided – Inevitable
3. Indirect Speech
1. “She is lonely”, they say
Indirect: They say that she is lonely.
2. “Could it be mended”? they asked.
Indirect: They asked if it could have been mended.
3. “Open the suit case”, he said to him.
Indirect: He ordered him to open the suit-case.
4. I am unwell”, he says
Indirect: He tells that he is unwell.
5. “I was lying”, he confessed.
Indirect: He confessed that he had been lying.
10th Class Engish Notes (There's A Good Time Coming)
CHAPTER – 25
Summary
Reference
This poem is written by Charles Mackay (1814-1889), a Scottish song writer. He was born in Perth. His mother died while he was an infant. He went to school in Brussels in 1828 and began writing verses in both English and French in 1880. He returned to London and worked for the “Morning Chronicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still live, Mackay wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.
Theme
“Hope Sustains the World.”
Summary
This poem is written by an Scottish poet Charles Mackay. This poem exhibits the strong assurity of the poet, being optimistic and religious that there once will day when everyone will enjoy the basic rights. The good time will prevail. The whole world regardless of area. Destructive weapons which are used to prove the truth shall be replaced by the good thoughts. The power of pen will exceed the power of sward i.e. the power will be used in positive spin.
Everyone will be free to enjoy his basic rights. The people will be respected on the virtue of their worth. There will be no extra support to walk over the ladder of life. Moral values like merit, privileges will hold the ground in that time.
It would be such an ideal time that no body will praise the wars to protect the material comb. The people will disgust the war because of unfairness and injustice.
In the end the poet has tied the hopes with humanity that by working together we can revolutionize the whole world and can bring the ideal future closer.
Central Idea
The Central Idea of this poem is that an era is to come with there will be no war because there will be a radical change in the outlook of people and nations. The poet Charles Mackay is optimistic that in future nations will agree to code of national behaviour humanity will emerge from the dark nights of wars and destructions and hail down of a new better era of peace and prosperity.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What do you know about the poet “Charles Mackay”?
Ans. Charles Mackay (1814-1889) was born in Scotland. In London, he worked for the “Morning Charnicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still alive and he wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.
Q.2 Do you agree with the poet that a good time is coming?
Ans. Yes, I agree with the poet that a good time is coming. He rightly said that if we worked together, we can bring the ideal future closer in which truthfulness, peace, Justice and merit will prevail all around the World. s poet tries to explain in his poem that even the lightest deeds dome with sincerity will produce the result naturally.
Q.3 What future does the poet promise for us?
Ans. Charles Mackay being optimistic promises an ideal future for us where there will be complete peace in the World. Good thoughts will be the most strongest weapon to protect the privileges and intellectuals will be the fighter instead of sword. Moral values like merit, worth will hold the ground in that time and people will regard wars as disgusting because of unfairness.
Q.4 Does poet expect us to make some effort of achievement?
Ans. Yes, Charles Mackay has tied strong hopes to us and by giving an initiative, he has asked us to bring the ideal future closer to us. According to poet it is our duty to make our combined efforts to get this goal in a positive and constructive way. In this way we can revolutionize the whole World.
Summary
Reference
This poem is written by Charles Mackay (1814-1889), a Scottish song writer. He was born in Perth. His mother died while he was an infant. He went to school in Brussels in 1828 and began writing verses in both English and French in 1880. He returned to London and worked for the “Morning Chronicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still live, Mackay wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.
Theme
“Hope Sustains the World.”
Summary
This poem is written by an Scottish poet Charles Mackay. This poem exhibits the strong assurity of the poet, being optimistic and religious that there once will day when everyone will enjoy the basic rights. The good time will prevail. The whole world regardless of area. Destructive weapons which are used to prove the truth shall be replaced by the good thoughts. The power of pen will exceed the power of sward i.e. the power will be used in positive spin.
Everyone will be free to enjoy his basic rights. The people will be respected on the virtue of their worth. There will be no extra support to walk over the ladder of life. Moral values like merit, privileges will hold the ground in that time.
It would be such an ideal time that no body will praise the wars to protect the material comb. The people will disgust the war because of unfairness and injustice.
In the end the poet has tied the hopes with humanity that by working together we can revolutionize the whole world and can bring the ideal future closer.
Central Idea
The Central Idea of this poem is that an era is to come with there will be no war because there will be a radical change in the outlook of people and nations. The poet Charles Mackay is optimistic that in future nations will agree to code of national behaviour humanity will emerge from the dark nights of wars and destructions and hail down of a new better era of peace and prosperity.
Question and Answers
Q.1 What do you know about the poet “Charles Mackay”?
Ans. Charles Mackay (1814-1889) was born in Scotland. In London, he worked for the “Morning Charnicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still alive and he wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.
Q.2 Do you agree with the poet that a good time is coming?
Ans. Yes, I agree with the poet that a good time is coming. He rightly said that if we worked together, we can bring the ideal future closer in which truthfulness, peace, Justice and merit will prevail all around the World. s poet tries to explain in his poem that even the lightest deeds dome with sincerity will produce the result naturally.
Q.3 What future does the poet promise for us?
Ans. Charles Mackay being optimistic promises an ideal future for us where there will be complete peace in the World. Good thoughts will be the most strongest weapon to protect the privileges and intellectuals will be the fighter instead of sword. Moral values like merit, worth will hold the ground in that time and people will regard wars as disgusting because of unfairness.
Q.4 Does poet expect us to make some effort of achievement?
Ans. Yes, Charles Mackay has tied strong hopes to us and by giving an initiative, he has asked us to bring the ideal future closer to us. According to poet it is our duty to make our combined efforts to get this goal in a positive and constructive way. In this way we can revolutionize the whole World.
What is Education? Answers from 5th Century BC to the 21st Century
The principle goal of education in the schools should be creating men and women who are capable of doing new things, not simply repeating what other generations have done. -- Jean Piaget, 1896-1980, Swiss developmental psychologist, philosopher
An education isn't how much you have committed to memory, or even how much you know. It's being able to differentiate between what you know and what you don't.-- Anatole France, 1844-1924, French poet, novelist
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. -- Nelson Mandela, 1918-2013, South African President, philanthropist
The object of education is to teach us to love beauty. -- Plato, 424 – 348 BC, philosopher mathematician
The function of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically. Intelligence plus character - that is the goal of true education -- Martin Luther King, Jr., 1929-1968, pastor, activist, humanitarian
Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school. Albert Einstein, 1879-1955, physicist
It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it. -- Aristotle, 384-322 BC, Greek philosopher, scientist
Education is the power to think clearly, the power to act well in the world’s work, and the power to appreciate life. -- Brigham Young, 1801-1877, religiousleader
Real education should educate us out of self into something far finer – into a selflessness which links us with all humanity. -- Nancy Astor, 1879-1964, American-born English politician and socialite
Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. -- William Butler Yeats, 1865-1939, Irish poet